Also known as the stratum corneum, the skin barrier is the outermost layer of the skin and the body part that first comes into initial contact with the physical world. It acts as a protective layer against environmental hazards, pathogens, and harmful ultraviolet radiation, while helping to maintain the body’s water and mineral balance. If the optimal functioning of this barrier is disrupted, a range of skin problems can arise, including dryness, irritation, rapid skin aging, and susceptibility to infections.

The skin barrier consists of skin cells (keratinocytes), the lipids that hold them together and also the way you take care of it. Maintaining the functionality of it is essential for keeping the skin bright, healthy and youthful.

 

The importance of the skin barrier

A healthy skin barrier is the body’s 7/24 protective layer against external factors. It prevents the skin from drying out and flaking by maintaining moisture levels, while also keeping the skin supple and soft. A healthy barrier protects the skin’s natural oils and provides resistance against harmful external substances.

The integrity of the skin barrier affects the overall health and appearance of the skin. When it is damaged, this will make the skin more prone to unwanted problems and exacerbate existing ones. Additionally, a healthy skin barrier delays signs of aging and helps slow the formation of fine lines and wrinkles on the skin.

 

What factors damage the skin barrier?

The skin barrier can be damaged by various factors. These include over-cleansing, use of improper products, environmental factors, and certain skincare practices. Stress, alcohol and tobacco use, unhealthy diet, and poor sleep can also damage the skin barrier

Excessive cleansing can cause the skin to lose its natural oil and moisture balance. Harsh products such as alcohol-based toners and abrasive peels can damage the skin’s lipid layer and weaken the protective barrier. Therefore, it is a good idea to consult a dermatologist before deciding on a skin care routine.

Environmental factors include ultraviolet (UV) rays, polluted air, cold, and wind. These factors tear down the skin barrier and can cause the skin to become more sensitive and over-reactive.

Symptoms of damaged skin barrier

When the skin barrier is damaged, it may exhibit the following symptoms, some of which may appear immediately:

• Moisture loss and dry skin
• Itching, redness, and irritation
• Increased frequency of infections
• Allergic reactions
• Inflammation of the skin
• Redness, dull appearance, and hyperpigmentation
• Increased signs of aging

 

Skin barrier care tips

Proper skin care routines are vital for protecting and repairing the skin barrier. Daily skin care should include cleansing, toning, moisturizing, and sun protection. Each step should be applied in a way that supports the skin barrier.

During the cleansing phase, products that do not irritate the skin or damage natural moisture factors should be used. Toners should maintain the skin’s pH balance and strengthen the skin barrier. Moisturizers should contain the necessary components to prevent water loss and repair the lipid layer.

Sun protection is important to protect the skin barrier from the harmful effects of UV rays. Broad-spectrum, high-SPF, and skin-type-appropriate sunscreens should be used. Sun protection plays a critical role in maintaining the skin barrier and overall skin health.

Repairing a damaged skin barrier with dermatological treatments

If the skin barrier is severely damaged, simple measures will not be effective. In such cases, it is essential to seek treatment immediately from a specialist dermatologist. Medical treatments can accelerate the skin’s natural renewal process and strengthen the skin barrier.

Dermatologists use mild chemical peels which are scientifically approved. These solutions gently remove dead cells from the skin’s surface, allowing healthier layers of skin to emerge. This process encourages the skin’s natural repair process and helps improve barrier functions.

Laser treatments and light therapies can support the repair of the skin barrier. These treatments contribute to the strengthening of the skin barrier by stimulating the renewal of skin cells. Treatments administered by cosmetic dermatologists are the easiest way to access proven effective treatments for skin barrier issues.